“How do you weigh withdrawing support from the players and all other workers against chastising an owner?"
In this case, withdrawing support from the players means not going to games. The players will still get paid as will all the other employees. The players will not have anyone to cheer them on, except friends and family. The employees will not have any one to serve. Really, the only people who get hurt if no one shows up to the game is those who would profit from it – presumably, the owner and the independent contractors that may sell things at games.
“Is there a point where ‘voting with your dollar’ against privately expressed opinions crosses into a tyranny of the majority expressed not through government but through the capitalist economic system?"
I would say that we are already there in the public forum, just in reverse. Fox News is mostly expressed opinion. It achieves its success through the economic support, and it squashes any opinions that are different from its own. There are other shows that allow pundits on the left side to speak their opinions. More to the point, mainstream media has already been strangled by capitalism.
If we were all entrepreneurs, I would say “Maybe.” However, you can only vote with your dollar at places that are actually selling something. If a random McDonald’s employee says something that most people disagree with, you could vote against that employee only by voting against the restaurant. I think I might want an example on how that would work.
“Do leaders of a certain visibility level give up their privacy?”
Yes, according to the law, public figures do not have as many protections when it comes to privacy and public comments. They still have some rights, and this recording may have violated a state law if Donald Sterling was recorded without his consent. (I am not a lawyer.)